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Every June 12, Filipinos around the world wave their flags a little higher and sing the national anthem a little louder. But what’s the story behind Philippine Independence Day, and why is it such a big deal?

On June 12, 1898, General Emilio Aguinaldo declared the independence of the Philippines from over 300 years of Spanish colonial rule. The declaration happened in Kawit, Cavite, where the Philippine flag was first unfurled, and the national anthem—then a march composed by Julian Felipe—was played for the first time.

While Spain didn’t actually recognize the independence (and later ceded the Philippines to the U.S. through the Treaty of Paris), this date remains symbolic of the Filipinos’ long-standing desire for freedom and self-determination.

• The First Philippine Flag was sewn in Hong Kong by Marcela Agoncillo, her daughter Lorenza, and Delfina Herbosa Natividad (a niece of José Rizal).

• The Lupang Hinirang was originally a musical piece titled Marcha Nacional Filipina. Lyrics were only added a year later, written by José Palma.

• Independence Day was originally celebrated on July 4, marking the date in 1946 when the U.S. officially recognized Philippine independence. It was only in 1962 that President Diosdado Macapagal changed it to June 12.

• Aguinaldo, who declared independence in 1898, was just 29 years old at the time and later became the first president of the Philippines.

• The sun on the flag has eight rays, each representing a province that first revolted against Spanish rule: Manila, Bulacan, Pampanga, Nueva Ecija, Tarlac, Laguna, Batangas, and Cavite.

From flag-raising ceremonies to parades, concerts, and even online events, June 12 remains a day of pride, remembrance, and unity. Overseas Filipinos often celebrate by joining community events, wearing traditional attire, or simply sharing a moment to reflect on their heritage.

Some even host Filipino food festivals—because what’s a celebration without lechon, lumpia, and halo-halo?

Independence Day isn’t just a history lesson—it’s a reminder of the sacrifices made by heroes, known and unknown. It’s a celebration of resilience, identity, and hope for a better future.

As José Rizal said, "Ang hindi marunong lumingon sa pinanggalingan ay hindi makararating sa paroroonan." (“He who does not look back to where he came from will never get to his destination.”)

Posted : 12 June 2025

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